Trajectories and Geopolitical Implications of the Gulf-Horn Interaction

Abstract

The concept of the "Gulf-Horn Region" is a new framework in geopolitical studies. This emerging concept underscores the growing strategic, economic and political interactions between the two regions. Indeed, the Gulf–Horn interaction spans centuries of close engagement. Seeing from a geopolitical lens, both regions are complex and conflict-prone – often described as 'conflict-oriented'. Theoretically speaking, therefore, any interaction between the two regions needs critical scrutiny. In recent years, Gulf States’ assertiveness in the Horn of Africa has intensified competition over port militarization, securitization, and commercialization. Accordingly, these evolving dynamic developments demand closer investigation to unpack the strategic implications of Gulf-Horn entanglements in an increasingly volatile regional context. For this reason, a study that relied on a combination of both primary and secondary source of data was conducted. Methodologically, the study involved a comprehensive review of both published and unpublished materials, as well as conducting key informant interviews with selected participants. The findings indicated a significant increase in competition among Gulf States for geopolitical, geo-economic, strategic, and ideological interests in the Horn of Africa. This ongoing dynamic has profound implications for regional security, driven by recurring hegemonic cycles of confrontation.