GADAA SYSTEM: A MODEL FORM OF DEMOCRACY

Abstract

Most citizens, including Oromo scholars, know Gadaa just by its name and fame not in life and practice. The primary purpose of this paper is to take an action in order to give basic understanding for citizens and researchers and facilitate the ground for further researches, documentations, and curriculum development on the system. Extensive assessment and wide range of literature reviews has been made in relation to the subject matter. The research has proved that the genesis of Gadaa System was not a spontaneous incident but through processes and experiences. Mythologies trace back the genesis of formal administration to a matrilineal society before which there was unorganized life of humankind as a social animal where only the fittest can survive. The research found out that, among the Oromo nation, the Guji tribe has been ruled by 74 Abbaa Gadaas from 5 Luba (party). It is about 665 years since Guji alone started ruling under the Gadaa System as people of a separate territory. This refers us back to mid of 14^th century, and also proofs that the Gadaa System of administration must have been initiated far before the Oromo expansion movement in the 16^th century. In a relative view against modern multi-party systems, there are similarities and differences; however, there are unprecedented and unparalleled lessons that can be drawn from Gadaa System. Strategic attention are recommended to maintain the original taste of the Gadaa System. These include the system must be protected from abuses; further research needs to be conducted to dig out and preserve the prominent values of the Gadaa System; curriculum must be developed on Gadaa System as a subject of ‘Common Course’ from Elementary all through University levels of schooling; and strategic development in the national plans of our country to maximize tourist attractions on values, practices, rituals and historical sites of Gadaa System.