Exploring Conflict Resolution Mechanisms among the Gumuz and the non-Gumuz communities in Metekel zone of Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was intended to examine conflict resolution mechanisms among the Gumuz and the non-Gumuz communities (the Amhara, Oromo and Agew) currently inhabiting in the Metekel zone of Benishangul Gumuz Region since 1990s to present. Employing a qualitative research approach, data was collected using Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with traditional leaders, community elders, government officials, legal experts, civil society representatives, and members of conflict-affected communities. The findings indicate that legal pluralism has long been exercised, where both the state-run and local institutions of conflict resolution are operational to handle the intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic conflicts. Customary methods are predominantly used for managing intra-ethnic conflicts, mainly among the Gumuz community, while inter-ethnic conflicts tend to be managed through state-led processes. The customary conflict resolution mechanisms have not yet fully realized their potentials in both shaping the shared future and nurturing durable peace. Efforts towards conflict resolution in the area have predominantly relied on formal approaches using state structures and authority, with limited efficacy in terms of conflict resolution and peace-building outcomes. The study suggests instituting a more integrated approach of both apparatuses, and yet essentially builds on the existing customary practices would help immensely to ensure a self-regulating peace. Harnessing traditional practices with formal strategies would provide a more comprehensive and effective strategy to achieve sustainable peace in the Metekel zone.