Assessments of Raw Milk and Dairy Products Safety and Quality in Ethiopia; Review

Abstract

Ethiopian dairy products are not sufficient; their quality, safety, and demand are not compatible with the supply. The objective of this review is to assess dairy and dairy product handling and safety, as well as factors affecting dairy and dairy product quality and dairy cattle production in Ethiopia. There are different challenges, centrally lack of quality and safe feed, a lack of sufficient and clean water, a lack of genetic improvement (AI), a lack of clinical service, and a lack of milk handling infrastructure. Further, lack of credit service, lack of agricultural extension, large household size, lack of health extension, lack of quality and safety production awareness, lack of awareness of proper milk consumption and shortcoming of culture related to milk consumption, and lack of different problem solver research related to milk production will be weak regulatory of milk safety and quality standards for meeting worldwide country interest for export. And a weak value chain. Ethiopian country-wide milk has been consumed in different forms. Different milk handling mechanisms are affecting milk quality and safety. Recommendations from the government, especially the Minister of Agriculture and Agricultural Research Institute, should focus on applied research that solves milk quality and safety problems, raise awareness for all types of dairy farms, and should establish dairy standards. Likewise, the Ministry of Agriculture is associated with other concerned organizations to facilitate credit service, improved feed, clean and sufficient water, AI service, animal health service, and milk handling infrastructure.