Determinants of Food Insecurity of Urban Poor Households: Evidence from Selected Major Cities of Ethiopia

Abstract

Food insecurity and nutritional problems pose significant challenges for urban poor households in the major cities of Ethiopia. This study focused on the determinants of food in (security) among poor urban households. The objective was to identify and prioritize the factors that influence the food security levels of urban poor households. The study utilized a sample survey with close-ended and open-ended questionnaires, selecting 384 samples through multistage sampling techniques. The unit of analysis was urban households. Data collection instruments included questionnaires and focus group discussions. The researcher also utilized various primary and secondary data sources to support the study. Multiple linear regressions were employed to identify the determinant factors of household food insecurity. The findings of the study showed that the determinant factors for food security among urban households were found to be sex, age, marital status, household dependency, household health status, educational background, and occupational status of the household head. Interestingly, 79% of the poor urban households considered these variables to be highly influential in terms of household food security. The study also emphasized the need for policy interventions in various institutional areas. The institutions play a vital role in providing job opportunities, facilitating access to cooperative markets, ensuring affordable markets for poor urban households, and monitoring market inflation and price increases on consumer goods. By prioritizing the development of these institutions, both regional and federal governments can effectively address food insecurity and improve the livelihoods of poor urban households