Prevalence and Associated Factors of Community Acquired Pneumonia among Children 2 To 59 Months in Arsi Zone Towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: According to 2011 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey
(EDHS) prevalence of acute respiratory infection in Ethiopia is 7% with the
significant variation across regions. Identifying its prevalence in under-five
children with its associated factors is crucial to achieve and to reduce
morbidity and mortality in developing countries to address the sustainable
development.
Objective: To assess prevalence and factors associated with community
acquired pneumonia among children of age 2-59 months, in Arsi Zone
towns, Oromia Regional State, South Eastern Ethiopia, 2017 G.C.
Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was conducted
from November 1, 2017 G.C. to December 1, 2017 G.C. among children of
age 2- 59 months in Arsi Zone towns. Multi-stage random sampling
technique was used to select 454 household and trained BSc nurses collected the data through face to face interview from mother/care givers of the
children. Collected data was entered into Epi-info and exported to SPSS for
step by step analysis. The descriptive statistics were used to analysis the
collected data. Bivariate and then multivariate binary logistic regression and
AOR with its 95% CI and P<0.05 was used to identify the factors associated
with community acquired pneumonia.
Result:
children of age 2-59 months was 12.9% in Arsi zone. Children of mother
who had learnt secondary school were less likely to develop community
Acquired pneumonia (AOR: 0.284, 95% CI, (0.106, 0.755). The orthodox
religion followers (COR: 0.412, CI 95%, (0.176, 0.964)) and Muslim
religion followers (COR: 0.309, CI 95%, (0.123, 0.775) children of mother
were less likely affected by CAP.
Conclusion: The prevalence of CAP in 2-
Educational status was inversely related to community Acquired pneumonia
and religion are the factors associated with community acquired pneumonia.
It is better if the further research is done on specific cause of community
Acquired pneumonia and to investigate more associated factors of
community Acquired pneumonia.