ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC
<p>The Zena-Lissan Journal was started in 1996 by the then Ethiopian Languages Research Centre (ELRC), now the Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures (hereafter AELC), focused especially on the cultures (folklores) and languages of different societies within Ethiopia. Since then, the journal has continued to be published biannually in Amharic and English languages aimed to encourage research and promote dialogue among scholars of interdisciplinary fields.</p>Center for Ethiopian Languages and Culturesen-USZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)2222-6028በአማርኛ መማሪያ መፃህፍት ውስጥ የቀረቡ የሰዋስው ይዘቶች ሰዋስዋዊነት
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12024
<p><span class="fontstyle0">የዚህ ጥናት ዋና ዓላማ በተለያዩ ክልሎች በ</span><span class="fontstyle2">7</span><span class="fontstyle0">ኛና በ</span><span class="fontstyle2">8</span><span class="fontstyle0">ኛ ክፍል አማርኛን እንደአፍ መፍቻና እንደሁለተኛ ቋንቋ ለሚማሩ ተማሪዎችና ለሁለተኛ ደረጃ </span><span class="fontstyle2">(9</span><span class="fontstyle0">ኛና </span><span class="fontstyle2">10</span><span class="fontstyle0">ኛ ክፍል</span><span class="fontstyle2">) </span><span class="fontstyle0">ተማሪዎች ተዘጋጅተው በ</span><span class="fontstyle2">2015 </span><span class="fontstyle0">ዓ</span><span class="fontstyle2">.</span><span class="fontstyle0">ም</span><span class="fontstyle2">. </span><span class="fontstyle0">በስራ ላይ በዋሉ የአማርኛ መማሪያ መፃህፍት ውስጥ የቀረቡ የሰዋስው ይዘቶችን ከቋንቋው ሰዋስዋዊ ባህሪያት አንፃር ሰዋስዋዊነታቸውን መገምገም ነው። የጥናቱ መረጃዎች የተሰበሰቡት በክልሎች፣ በከተማ አስተዳደር ትምህርት ቢሮዎችና በትምህርት ሚኒስቴር ለተጠቀሱት የከፍል ደረጃዎች ከተዘጋጁት መማሪያ መፃህፍትና የመምህር መምሪያ ነው። በመማሪያ መፃህፍቱ የቀረቡት የሰዋስው ይዘቶች ‘ማስታወሻ’ በሚል ንኡስ ርዕስ ስር በቀረቡ ማብራሪያዎች፣ በምሳሌዎች፣ በመልመጃዎችና በመምህር መምሪያ ውስጥ በቀረቡ የመልመጃዎች መልሶች ነው። መረጃዎቹ የተተነተኑት በገላጭ የምርምር ዘዴ ሲሆን፣ ትንታኔውም ይዘቶቹን በምዕላድ፣ በሀረግና በአረፍተነገር ክፍሎች በመመደብ ቀርቧል። የሰዋስው ይዘቶቹ በአብዛኛው የቋንቋውን ስርዓት ጠብቀው የቀረቡ ሲሆኑ የተወሰኑ ይዘቶች ግን የቋንቋውን ሰዋስዋዊ ባህሪ ያልጠበቁና የቋንቋውን ሰዋስዋዊ ባህሪ ያጡ ሆነው ተገኝተዋል። ለወደፊት መማሪያ መፃህፍቱን ለማሻሻ ይረዳ ዘንድ ጥናቱ ያተኮረውም በችግሮቹ ላይ ነው። ከታዩት ችግሮች ተዘውትረው የታዩት ስነምዕላዳዊ ይዘቶች ናቸው። ሐረግ ነክ ከሆኑት ውስጥ ተውሳከ ግሳዊና መስተዋድዳዊ ሐረጎች ቀላል የማይባል ችግር ታይቶባቸዋል። በአረፍተነገር ደግሞ የፅንሰ ሀሳብም የመዋቅርም ችግር ታይቷል። የመዋቅር ችግሮቹ በቋንቋው ለየት ያለ መዋቅራዊ ባህሪ ያለውን የኑረት ግስን መዋቅራዊ ባህሪ በተመለከተ ክፍተት እንዳለ መረጃዎቹ አሳይተዋል።</span> </p>ጌታሁን አማረ
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341“የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ” ሥርዓተ ክዋኔና ፋይዳ በጃቢ ጠህናን ወረዳ
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12019
<p><span class="fontstyle0">ይህ ጥናት "የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ" ሥርዓተ ክዋኔና ፋይዳ በጃቢ ጠህናን ወረዳ በሚል ርዕስ የቀረበ ሲሆን፤ ዋና ዓላማው "የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ" ሥርዓተ ክዋኔ ማን፣ ምን፣ እንዴት፣ መቼ፣ የት፣ እንደሚከበር እና ያለው ፋይዳ ምን እንደሆነ ማሳየት ነው። ጥናቱ አይነታዊ የምርምር ዘዴን የተከተለ ሲሆን፤መረጃዎቹ ከካልዓይና ከቀዳማይ የመረጃ ምንጮች ከዐውዳቸው ተሰብስበው “የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ” ስርዓተ ክዋኔና ፋይዳን ከሥርዓተ ክዋኔው ጋር በተያያዘ የሚከወኑ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነቶች እና ብሂላዊ ንግግሮችን ምንነት መርምሯል። የጥናቱ የንሞና ዘዴ ዓላማ ተኮር ሲሆን፤ ከቁልፍና ከተባባሪ መረጃ ሰጪዎች የተሰበሰቡ መረጃዎች ተግባራዊ፣ ተምሳሌታዊ እና ሥነ ልቡናዊ ንድፈ ሀሳቦችን በመጠቀም ተተንትነዋል። በጥናቱ ውጤት መሰረት የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ ሥርዓተለ ክዋኔ ሰፊ ጽንሰ ሀሳብን የሚይዝ ሲሆን፤ ከእርግዝና ጀምሮ እስከ ክርስትና ያለውን ጊዜ ሂደት የሚያጠቃልል ነው። አንዲት ነፍሰጡር እናት መውለጃዋ ሲቃረብ፤ ዘመድ ጎረቤቶቿ ምጧ ሳይጠናባት "ከአጥሯ ስር ያለችው ወፍ" እንኳ ሳትሰማ በሰላም እንድትገላገል መልካም ምኞታቸውን የሚገልጹበት ሲሆን፤ ሥርዓተ ክዋኔውን አስመልክቶ ወላዷ በወሊድ ጊዜ የምትመገባቸውን ምግቦች እና ፈሳሾች በጋራ በመሰባሰብ ከማዘጋጀት ጀምሮ እስከ ክርስትና ማስነሳት ድረስ ሊዘልቅ የሚችል ክዋኔያዊ ሥርዓትን የሚያካትት ነው። ሰዎች ነፍሰጡሯን “የአጥር ወፍ አትስማሽ” በማለት መልካም ምኞታቸውን እንደሚገልጹላት ከመረጃ ሰጪዎች ለመገንዘብ ተችሏል። ክዋኔያዊ ሥርዓቱ ለነፍሰጡር እናቶች ካላው ኢኮኖሚያዊ፣ ማኀበራዊና ሥነ ልቦናዊ ፋይዳ አንጻር ባህላዊ እሴቱን ለወጣቱ ትውልድ የማሳወቅ ሥራ በባህል ቱሪዝም ባለሙያዎች አማካኝነት መሰራት እንደሚገባ ምክረ ሐሳብ በመስጠት ጥናቱ ተጠናቋል።</span> </p>መስፍን ፈቃዴ
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341Women’s Empowerment Strategies in Flora Nwapa’s Efuru: A Negofeminist Analysis
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12020
<p><span class="fontstyle0">This study examines women empowerment as portrayed in Flora Nwapa’s novel, </span><span class="fontstyle2">Efuru (1966). It particularly explores the empowerment strategies female characters use to empower themselves in the selected novel. The study adopted Obioma </span><span class="fontstyle0">Nnaemeka’s Nego</span><span class="fontstyle2">-feminist theory as a theoretical lens to analyze the novel. A close reading of the novel was then conducted to select extracts that elucidate how the female characters use nego-feminist empowerment strategies to negotiate with patriarchy and bring about gender equality. Based on the analysis of the novel, the study reveals that cooperation, negotiation, compromise, and chameleon imagery are identified as strategies characters use to empower themselves. The study also illustrates how female characters join hands with men to challenge patriarchy, often through finding the third space. The female protagonist, Efuru, forms a core of resistance against male-dominated ideology by cooperating, negotiating, compromising, and building her agency with her husband, which all bring her success while patriarchal values melt away. Finally, challenging Western feminism and adapting nego-feminism to the African context, this study promotes African indigenous feminist cultural values that can foster gender equality based on cooperation, negotiation, solidarity, and shared principles.</span> </p>Zebenay Seyoum Olga Yazbec
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341Resilience and Resistance of Ethiopian Heroines: A Feminist Reading of Meaza Mengiste’s The Shadow King
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12021
<p><span class="fontstyle0">This article analyzes female protagonists in Maaza Mengiste’s novel The Shadow </span><span class="fontstyle2">King (2019). The researcher gives a textual analysis of female characters based on a theoretical framework of post-structural feminist theories. The article critically </span><span class="fontstyle0">explores the female characters’ subjectivity, sexuality, and agency. The framework </span><span class="fontstyle2">of analysis is drawn from the concepts of subjectivity, agency, and sexuality. The study reveals that female characters in the selected novel are conscious of their selfhood and take pride in their identity. Despite being victims of rape and domestic violence, these women recognize their worth and are resolute in defending their </span><span class="fontstyle0">country’s sovereignty by aligning with male patriots. They appear to defy the </span><span class="fontstyle2">common stereotypes of female characters because they are assertive and assume agency. Biological differences and sexual abuse do not also seem to deter them from demonstrating that they have the power to excel in roles that tradition has ascribed </span><span class="fontstyle0">only to men. The findings also reveal that exploring the female characters’ agency and sexuality throws new light on readers’ perceptions of the characters in the </span><span class="fontstyle2">selected novel. They stand out in the novel because they have a voice, are selfconscious, and are capable of decision</span><span class="fontstyle0">–</span><span class="fontstyle2">making. They have individuality.</span></p>Bekelech TruyeOlga Yazbec
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341የጀግና ብያኔ በለቅሶ ዐውድ ላይ በሚከወን የፉከራ ቃል ግጥም ክዋኔና ይዘት ውስጥ በባህር ዳር ከተማ፣ በሰባታሚት ቀበሌ ማሳያነት
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12022
<p><span class="fontstyle0">የዚህ ጥናት ዋና ዓላማ በባህር ዳር ከተማ፣ በሰባታሚት ቀበሌ ለቅሶን አጋጣሚ አድርገው በሚከወኑ ቃል ግጥሞች ክዋኔና ይዘት ውስጥ የጀግናን ብያኔ መመርመር ነው። ጥናቱ በለቅሶው ዐውድ ውስጥ የፉከራ ቃል ግጥሞችን ክዋኔ ማሳየት፣ የጀግና መገለጫ እሴቶችን መለየት፣ በግጥሞች የተገለፀውን የጀግና ብያኔ ማሳየት የሚሉ ዝርዝር ዓላማዎች አሉት። ጥናቱ ዓይነታዊ ሲሆን መረጃዎች በምልከታና በቃለ መጠይቅ ተሰብስበውና የምርምር ጥያቄዎችን ከመመለስ አንፃር ተመድበው፣ በክዋኔያዊና ተግባራዊ ንድፈ ሃሳቦች ተተንትነዋል። የመረጃ ትንተና ውጤቱ እንደሚያሳየው የፉከራው ክዋኔ መግቢያ፣ ጊዜ ክወና </span><span class="fontstyle2">(</span><span class="fontstyle0">ሀተታ</span><span class="fontstyle2">) </span><span class="fontstyle0">እና መዝጊያ የሚል የታወቀ ቅርፅ አለው። በፉከራው ውስጥ የከዋኝን ሚና የሚጫወቱና ፉከራው የሚከወንበትን ፋይዳ የሚያጎሉ፣ በአንደኛና በሦስተኛ መደብ የቀረቡ ሁለት የትረካ አንፃሮች አሉ። ለቅሶን መሠረት አድርገው የሚከወኑ ፉከራዎች መሠረታዊ ትኩረታቸው ሟች በሕይወት እያለ የነበረውን ስብዕና መግለፅ ቢሆንም አልፎ አልፎ የሟችን ማንነት ከመግለፅ አንፃር ሥራዬ ተብሎ የሚደረግ ግነት አለባቸው። በሥነቃሉ የቀረበው የሟች አካላዊና መንፈሳዊ ማንነት ሙሉ በሙሉ የግለሰቡ መልክ አይደለም። ይልቁንስ ማኅበረሰቡ ባበጀው ባህል ውስጥ መገለጫ የሆኑ እሴቶች ትርጓሜ ነው። ጀግና የማኅበረሰቡን እሴትና ደንብ ማክበርና መጠበቅ የቻለ፣ማኅበረሰቡ የተጠየፋቸውን ባህርያት የተጠየፈና ለማስወገድ የሚሠራ ሰው መሆኑን የሚጠቁሙ ውጤቶች ተገኝተዋል። ከውጤቶች በመነሳት በከዋኝና በታዳሚ መካከል የሚደረግ የክዋኔ ተግባቦት የግለሰቡን ማንነት ብቻ ሳይሆን ማኅበረሰቡ የሚጠብቀውን ባህላዊ፣ ማህበራዊ፣ ኢኮኖሚያና ፖለቲካዊ ሰብዕናና እሴት ለመትከል የሚደረግ ጥረት ነው የሚል መደምደሚያ ላይ ተደርሷል። ርዕሰ ጉዳዩ ሰፊ በመሆኑ የባህል ጥናት ዕቅድ ያላቸው አካላት ጥናት ቢያካሂዱበት አዳዲስ ዕውቀቶችን ያበረክታሉ</span><span class="fontstyle2">::</span></p>አስቴር ሙሉ
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341Argument Structure of Activity Verbs in Tigrinya
https://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/JAELC/article/view/12023
<p><span class="fontstyle0">This study describes and examines the argument structure of activity verbs in Tigrinya, utilizing the role and reference grammar (RRG) framework. Specifically, the study analyses the semantic intricacies of activity verbs, focusing on their relationship with predicates and their arguments. The study also explores the formal representation of logical structures (LS) and predicate decomposition. Besides, the aspectual features of activity verbs, such as [+dynamic, -static], -punctual], and - telic], are examined alongside a set of operators like DO, BECOME, INGR, and SEML, which delineate the six verb types. Data collection methods include native intuitions, fieldwork with speakers from the central Tigray zone (Axum and Adwa districts), and secondary sources from Tigrinya linguistic resources. Fieldwork involved structured interviews to capture natural language usage nuances. It is attested that activity verbs in Tigrinya exhibit [+dynamic, -static], -punctual], and - telic] properties, implying events without inherent final points. The general logical </span><span class="fontstyle2">structure of such events is represented as [DO’ (x, [Pred’ (x) or (x, y)])] and (X ACT </span><span class="fontstyle0">(</span><span class="fontstyle0">manner</span><span class="fontstyle0">) pred (x), where 'x' denotes agents, effectors, experiencers, and 'y' signifies themes, patients, or stimuli. The study also explores aspectual shifts observable through linguistic manipulations, such as adding or omitting demonstratives. For instance, the addition of the proximal demonstrative '</span><span class="fontstyle2">ʔɨ</span><span class="fontstyle0">z-' ('this') transforms activity events into accomplishments, while the distal demonstrative '</span><span class="fontstyle3">ʔɨ</span><span class="fontstyle4">t</span><span class="fontstyle0">-' ('that') reverses this transformation. This research enhances our understanding of Tigrinya syntax and semantics by examining the structure and interpretation of activity verbs. The study </span><span class="fontstyle0">reveals the intricate relationships between predicates and arguments, shedding light on the broader linguistic patterns of Tigrinya.</span> </p>Teklay KahsayMulugeta Tarekegne
Copyright (c) 2025 ZENA-LISSAN (Journal of Academy of Ethiopian Languages and Cultures)
2025-07-082025-07-08341