Ethiopian Journal of Biological Sciences http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS en-US Mon, 10 Apr 2023 10:16:47 +0000 OJS 3.2.1.3 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 ASSESSMENT OF COFFEE BERRY BORER, HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI FERRARI (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) USING LOCALLY MADE BAITING TRAP IN MAJOR COFFEE PRODUCING AREAS OF ETHIOPIA http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7873 <p>Coffee represents the major source of revenue for foreign<br>exchange and income source for households of large number of families in<br>Ethiopia. However, coffee is facing a great challenge by coffee berry borer<br>(CBB) [Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)]. The<br>attention given to control this insect-pest is very low compared with other<br>African countries. Controlling the coffee berry borer using conventional<br>chemical method is difficult due to its cryptic nature in its life cycle. Mass<br>trapping of the insect using baiting trap method is the most promising and<br>relevant one. This study were conducted in selected and representative coffee<br>producing areas of Tepi, Limu Goma and Mizan-Aman. A total of 32 red<br>color local baiting trap was prepared and lured with Ethanol:Methanol (E:M)<br>mixture (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and control) and releasing rate of 509.9 ± 0.06, 577.3 ±<br>0.02 and 580.3 ± 0.02 mg day-1<br>, respectively. Traps were attached to wood<br>stakes branches in a completely randomized block design (CRBD), 12 m<br>within the raw, 15 m between blocks and 1.20 m from the ground. The<br>efficiency of the attractant (E:M) mixtures at Tepi-Baya II, Jimma zone<br>(Limu-Goma II) and Mizan-Aman showed no significant difference, but all<br>were significantly different from the control (p&lt;0.001). The percentage of<br>captured CBB with E:M (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) were 427 (93%), 413 (98.6%) and<br>416 (95.2%) at Tepi-Baya II; 97 (89%), 115 (100%) and 90 (93.8%) at LimuGoma II, and 137 (86.7%), 122 (97.6%) and 98 (94.2%) at Mizan-Aman,<br>respectively. Non-target coffee berry borer (NCBB) were not preferably<br>attracted by 1:1 and 1:3 than 1:2 E:M mixture across the localities. None of<br>the controls captured the NCBB beetles at any of the localities. The study<br>indicated that this trap can be used in different localities for trapping of the<br>female CBB as a tool to reduce the population level of CBB.</p> Chekol Yonas, Alemu Tesfaye Copyright (c) 2023 http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7873 Mon, 10 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000 THE ROLE OF GULLELE BOTANICAL GARDEN FOR BIRD CONSERVATION IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7874 <p>This study was carried out to investigate the role of the Gullele<br>Botanical Garden for avian conservation. Data on bird species diversity and<br>abundance were collected during the dry (January to February 2021) and wet<br>seasons (July to August 2021). The study area was stratified into three<br>dominant habitat types namely nature reserve forest, modified scenic garden<br>and infrastructure development area. A stratified survey technique was<br>employed using systematically established line transects in the three habitat<br>types. A total of 90 bird species belonging to 12 orders and 37 families were<br>identified in the study area. Among the habitat types, the highest bird<br>diversity was observed in the modified scenic garden habitat (H’ = 3.54),<br>followed by the infrastructure development area (H’ = 3.29). Modified scenic<br>garden habitat had the highest species richness (67) followed by<br>infrastructure development area (58) and nature reserve forest (28).<br>Community similarity was high between modified habitat and infrastructure<br>development areas during the study. Gullele Botanical Garden supports two<br>endemic and 11 near-endemic bird species shared with Eritrea suggesting its<br>ecological importance in avian fauna conservation. This study is the first<br>detailed investigation regarding the diversity of bird species in the Botanical<br>Garden providing valuable information on the significance of managed<br>habitats with indigenous tree species to support different bird species.</p> Tilahun Hailu, Afework Bezawork Copyright (c) 2023 http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7874 Mon, 10 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000 ANALYSES OF TEN-YEAR MALARIA TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS IN RELATION TO METEOROLOGICAL VARIABLES IN JABI TEHNAN DISTRICT, NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7875 <p>Retrospective studies of malaria cases from health facilities<br>and the impact of meteorological factors provide insight into the dynamics of<br>malaria transmission and the effectiveness of malaria control interventions.<br>This study aimed to analyze inter-annual and monthly trends in malaria cases<br>and determine the correlations between meteorological variables and<br>prevalence of malaria. Retrospective data on malaria cases were extracted<br>from 11 health centres and 39 health posts in Jabi Tehnan district, northwest<br>Ethiopia, for 10 years (July 2011–May 2021). Trends in monthly and annual<br>malaria cases were analyzed and correlated with meteorological data. Of<br>1,500,868 individuals with febrile complaints examined at the health facilities<br>in the district, 13.4% were diagnosed as clinical malaria cases. Furthermore,<br>12.6% of those with febrile symptoms had malaria confirmed with<br>microscopy and with rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Plasmodium falciparum<br>comprised 56.48%, with 36.56% P. vivax, and with 6.96% mixed (P.f + P.v)<br>infections. There were significant variations in inter-annual and monthly<br>malaria cases (P&lt;0.001; P = 0.004, respectively). Malaria cases peaked in<br>2011–2013, and 2015–2016, with reduced and relatively lower malaria cases<br>in 2017–2021. Two malaria peaks in May-June, and in October-November<br>were recorded. Inter-annual and monthly malaria trends were closely<br>correlated with relative humidity and average temperatures. Plasmodium<br>falciparum was predominant compared to P. vivax. Understanding trends in<br>malaria transmission in relation to climatic variables, and monitoring the<br>effectiveness of malaria control interventions are needed to reduce malaria in<br>the area.</p> Hailemariam Alemnesh, Dugassa Sisay, Eliningaya J. Kweka, Tekie Habte Copyright (c) 2023 http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7875 Mon, 10 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000 ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF TRICHODERMA ISOLATES AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE (FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM VASINFECTUM) OF COTTON PLANT (GOSSYPIUM HERBACEUM) UNDER IN-VITRO CONDITION http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7876 Asmekash Tsegaye, Mulatu Afrasa, Melesse Ayelign, Alemu Tesfaye Copyright (c) 2023 http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7876 Mon, 10 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE LIVELIHOODS OF FISHERMEN AND DETERMINANTS OF FISH PRODUCTION FROM LAKE TANA AND RIFT VALLEY LAKES, ETHIOPIA http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7877 <p>This study aimed to identify determinants of fish production<br>by fishermen living around Lake Tana and the Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes,<br>specifically Lakes Ziway, Hawassa and Chamo over a course of one year<br>production (2019). The study areas were selected purposively due to their<br>higher total annual fish catches and fish contribution in the local and urban<br>communities around fish production areas and cities of Bahir Dar, Ziway<br>(Batu), Hawassa, Arbaminch and Addis Ababa. A total of 450 fishermen<br>were randomly selected for this study. The data were gathered through the<br>use of structured questionnaires and analysed using both descriptive and<br>econometric analytical methods. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation<br>method of linear regression technique was used to test the determinant<br>factors. Fishing is the first major source of income, accounting for 67%, 73%,<br>68.9% and 59.3% of fisher’s livelihoods, respectively in Lakes Tana, Ziway,<br>Hawassa and Chamo, respectively. Linear Ordinary Least Squares<br>Regressions analyses showed that income of petty trades, the number of reed<br>boats, gillnets, land owned for crop production and fishing trips were the<br>determinant factors significantly influencing the volume of fish produced.<br>The study further suggested that education and training, alternative incomegenerating activities, increased ownership of land owned, improving access<br>to credit services, efficient government support and better-organized<br>cooperatives should receive due attention to improve fish production and<br>sustainably manage fish resources in Ethiopia.</p> Misganaw Kidanie, Lemma Brook Copyright (c) 2023 http://ejol.aau.edu.et/index.php/EJBS/article/view/7877 Mon, 10 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000